Colletotrichum coccodes
Black Dot of Potatoes
- Category
- fungi
- Primary role
- pathogen fungal
- Class
- Sordariomycetes
- Order
- Glomerellales
- Family
- Glomerellaceae
- Genus
- Colletotrichum
Fungi | Ascomycota | Sordariomycetes | Glomerellales | Glomerellaceae | Colletotrichum
External: GBIF #2568873
3 AI-consensus-verified claims across 1 interaction category.
Related entities
Top entities sharing the most verified claims with Colletotrichum coccodes.
pathogen pressure 3 claims
- This entity is the subject of pathogen pressure on Solanum lycopersicum (Garden Tomato) · effect: harmful
“TOMCAST (for tomato forecaster) for tomato early blight, Septoria leaf spot, and anthracnose”
pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreedUnknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 287 #6493882 - This entity is the subject of pathogen pressure on Solanum lycopersicum (Garden Tomato) · effect: harmful
“Canning tomatoes are particularly susceptible to anthracnose before and after harvest”
pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreedUnknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 489 #6494300 - This entity is the subject of pathogen pressure on Solanum lycopersicum (Garden Tomato) · effect: harmful
“C. coccodes Tomato Hemibiotrophy”
pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreedDean R., van Kan J.A.L., Pretorius Z.A., Hammond-Kosack K.E., Di Pietro A., Spanu P.D., Rudd J.J., Dickman M., Kahmann R., Ellis J., Foster G.D. (2012) · The Top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology · p. 423 #6495772
Genus-level evidence
25 claims where the source named the organism only at the genus or collective level (e.g. Colletotrichum sp.) and did not determine the species. Listed separately because they apply to the genus, not specifically to Colletotrichum coccodes.
- pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum spp. → Coffea arabica · effect: harmful
“leaf diseases such as rust, brown spot, and Colletotrichum spp”
Buck L.E., Lassoie J.P., Fernandes E.C.M. (1999) · Agroforestry in Sustainable Agricultural Systems #6492346 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum spp. → Capsicum annuum · effect: harmful
“eggplant and pepper may be attacked in a similar manner”
Unknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 489 #6494301 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum spp. → Solanum melongena · effect: harmful
“eggplant and pepper may be attacked in a similar manner”
Unknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 489 #6494302 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum spp. → Manihot esculenta · effect: harmful
“important staple food crops, including bananas, cassava and sorghum”
Dean R., van Kan J.A.L., Pretorius Z.A., Hammond-Kosack K.E., Di Pietro A., Spanu P.D., Rudd J.J., Dickman M., Kahmann R., Ellis J., Foster G.D. (2012) · The Top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology · p. 423 #6495782 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum spp. → Capsicum annuum · effect: harmful
“water-soaked lesions that become sunken and tan; salmon-colored conidia spores”
Shieh H., Lin S., Lin L., Sheu Z., Tsai W., Srinivasan R., Kumar S. (2021) · International Cooperators' Guide: Procedures for Sweet Pepper Variety Field Trials (#14-775) · p. 9 #6496038 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum spp. → Capsicum annuum · effect: harmful
“water-soaked lesions that become sunken and tan; salmon-colored conidia spores”
Lin S., Shieh H., Lin L., Sheu Z., Kenyon L., Srinivasan R., Kumar S. (2021) · International Cooperators' Guide: Procedures for Chili Pepper Variety Field Trials (#14-784) · p. 8 #6496045 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum spp. → Capsicum annuum · effect: harmful
“Les principales maladies du piment sont l'anthracnose”
- pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Carica papaya · effect: harmful
“Papaya Anthracnose (Colletotricum)”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 88 #6735004 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis · effect: harmful
“Chinese Cabbage ... Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 144 #6735048 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Cucumis sativus · effect: harmful
“Cucumber ... Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 148 #6735086 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Solanum melongena · effect: harmful
“Eggplant ... Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 150 #6735109 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Cucurbitaceae (family) · effect: harmful
“Gourds ... Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 153 #6735134 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Psidium guajava · effect: harmful
“Guava ... Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 157 #6735175 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Cucumis melo subsp. melo · effect: harmful
“Honeydew ... Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 159 #6735192 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Lactuca sativa var. capitata · effect: harmful
“Lettuce, Head ... Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 167 #6735253 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Lactuca sativa var. crispa · effect: harmful
“Lettuce, Leaf ... Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 169 #6735270 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Mangifera indica · effect: harmful
“Mango ... Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 172 #6735301 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Cucumis melo · effect: harmful
“Muskmelon ... Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 174 #6735320 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Abelmoschus esculentus · effect: harmful
“Okra ... Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 177 #6735348 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Solanum lycopersicum · effect: harmful
“Tomato … Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 206 #6735393 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Citrullus lanatus · effect: harmful
“Watermelon … Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 208 #6735424 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Dioscorea sp. · effect: harmful
“Yam … Anthracnose”
University of Guam Cooperative Extension & Outreach (2024) · Guam Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Guide, 6th Edition · p. 209 #6735434 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Bauhinia variegata · effect: harmful
“Orchid tree Colletotrichum sp. Leaf spot”
University of Guam, College of Natural and Applied Sciences (2022) · Index of Plant Diseases in Guam · p. 48 #6735503 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Carica papaya · effect: harmful
“Colletotrichum sp. Anthracnose Fruit spot”
University of Guam, College of Natural and Applied Sciences (2022) · Index of Plant Diseases in Guam · p. 49 #6735508 - pathogen pressure · Colletotrichum sp. → Capsicum annuum · effect: harmful
“Pepper Colletotrichum sp. Anthracnose”
University of Guam, College of Natural and Applied Sciences (2022) · Index of Plant Diseases in Guam · p. 49 #6735530
Aggregated via GloBI — not independently verified by AgroEco.
mutualism 16
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Li, R., Yang, S., Lin, M., Guo, S., Han, X., Ren, M., Du, L., Song, Y., You, Y., Zhan, J. and Huang, W.,, 2021. The biogeography of fungal communities across different chinese wine-producing regions associated with environmental factors and spontaneous fermentation performance. Frontiers in microbiology. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.636639 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Cai, Z., Wang, X., Bhadra, S. and Gao, Q., 2020. Distinct factors drive the assembly of quinoa-associated microbiomes along elevation.. Plant and Soil. doi:10.1007/s11104-019-04387-1 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Liu, Y., Zhang, X., Yang, M.L. and Wang, S.M., 2020. Study on the correlation between soil microbial diversity and ambient environmental factors influencing the safflower distribution in Xinjiang. Journal of basic microbiology. doi:10.1002/jobm.201900626 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Zhang, J., Zhang, B., Liu, Y., Guo, Y., Shi, P. and Wei, G., 2018. Distinct large-scale biogeographic patterns of fungal communities in bulk soil and soybean rhizosphere in China.. Science of the Total Environment. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.016 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Kamutando, C.N., Vikram, S., Kamgan-Nkuekam, G., Makhalanyane, T.P., Greve, M., Le Roux, J.J., Richardson, D.M., Cowan, D. and Valverde, A., 2017. Soil nutritional status and biogeography influence rhizosphere microbial communities associated with the invasive tree Acacia dealbata.. Scientific Reports. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07018-w DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Dong, H., Fan, S., Sun, H., Chen, C., Wang, A., Jiang, L. and Ma, D., 2021. Rhizosphere-associated microbiomes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under the effect of increased nitrogen fertilization.. Frontiers in Microbiology. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.730506 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Ma, J., Ma, K., Liu, J. and Chen, N, 2022. Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community Under Ice in a High-Latitude Wetland: Different Community Assembly Processes Shape Patterns of Rare and Abundant Microbes. Frontiers in microbiology. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.783371 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Katsoula, A., Vasileiadis, S., Karamanoli, K., Vokou, D. and Karpouzas, D.G., 2021. Factors Structuring the Epiphytic Archaeal and Fungal Communities in a Semi-arid Mediterranean Ecosystem. Microbial ecology. doi:10.1007/s00248-021-01712-z DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Katsoula, A., Vasileiadis, S., Karamanoli, K., Vokou, D. and Karpouzas, D.G., 2021. Factors Structuring the Epiphytic Archaeal and Fungal Communities in a Semi-arid Mediterranean Ecosystem. Microbial ecology. doi:10.1007/s00248-021-01712-z DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Michael, P. J., Jones, D., White, N., Hane, J. K., Bunce, M., and Gibberd, M., 2020. Crop-Zone Weed Mycobiomes of the South-Western Australian Grain Belt. Frontiers in Microbiology. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.581592 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Sauer, S., Dlugosch, L., Kammerer, D.R., Stintzing, F.C. and Simon, M., 2021. The Microbiome of the Medicinal Plants Achillea millefolium L. and Hamamelis virginiana L.. Frontiers in Microbiology. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.696398 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Tian, L., Yu, S., Zhang, L., Dong, K. and Feng, B., 2022. Mulching practices manipulate the microbial community diversity and network of root‑associated compartments in the Loess Plateau. Soil and Tillage Research. doi:10.1016/j.still.2022.105476 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Ren, F., Zhang, Y., Yu, H. and Zhang, Y.A., 2020. Ganoderma lucidum cultivation affect microbial community structure of soil, wood segments and tree roots. Scientific reports. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-60362-2 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Fan, K., Weisenhorn, P., Gilbert, J.A. and Chu, H., 2018. Wheat rhizosphere harbors a less complex and more stable microbial co-occurrence pattern than bulk soil.. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.07.022 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Mardanova, A., Lutfullin, M., Hadieva, G., Akosah, Y., Pudova, D., Kabanov, D., Shagimardanova, E., Vankov, P., Vologin, S., Gogoleva, N., Stasevski, Z. and Sharipova, M., 2019. Structure and variation of root-associated microbiomes of potato grown in alfisol.. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Tong, A.Z., Liu, W., Liu, Q., Xia, G.Q., 2021. Diversity and composition of the Panax ginseng rhizosphere microbiome in various cultivation modesand ages. BMC microbiology. doi:10.1186/s12866-020-02081-2 DOI
pathogen pressure 19
- GloBI hasHost Solanum lycopersicum https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1264138
- GloBI hasHost Solanum melongena https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1258270
- GloBI hasHost Capsicum annuum https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=14704484
- GloBI hasHost Capsicum frutescens https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1260196
- GloBI hasHost Ficus elastica https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1259461
- GloBI hasHost Manihot esculenta https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1270644
- GloBI pathogenOf Solanum lycopersicum doi:10.1111/J.1364-3703.2011.00740.X DOI
- GloBI hasHost Rubus idaeus https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=14703854
- GloBI hasHost Mangifera indica https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1258273
- GloBI hasHost Hevea brasiliensis https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=910280
- GloBI hasHost Psidium guajava https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1270672
- GloBI hasHost Olea europaea https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1260092
- GloBI hasHost Ficus carica https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1262133
- GloBI hasHost Vanilla planifolia https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1260934
- GloBI hasHost Carica papaya https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2903448
- GloBI hasHost Eucalyptus globulus https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1259497
- GloBI hasHost Psidium cattleianum https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1260262
- GloBI hasHost Rubus idaeus subsp. strigosus https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2989510
- GloBI hasHost Castanea dentata https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2991309
crop interaction 35
- GloBI hasHost Solanum lycopersicum https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1264138
- GloBI hasHost Solanum melongena https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1258270
- GloBI hasHost Capsicum annuum https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=14704484
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Li, R., Yang, S., Lin, M., Guo, S., Han, X., Ren, M., Du, L., Song, Y., You, Y., Zhan, J. and Huang, W.,, 2021. The biogeography of fungal communities across different chinese wine-producing regions associated with environmental factors and spontaneous fermentation performance. Frontiers in microbiology. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.636639 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Cai, Z., Wang, X., Bhadra, S. and Gao, Q., 2020. Distinct factors drive the assembly of quinoa-associated microbiomes along elevation.. Plant and Soil. doi:10.1007/s11104-019-04387-1 DOI
- GloBI hasHost Capsicum frutescens https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1260196
- GloBI hasHost Ficus elastica https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1259461
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Liu, Y., Zhang, X., Yang, M.L. and Wang, S.M., 2020. Study on the correlation between soil microbial diversity and ambient environmental factors influencing the safflower distribution in Xinjiang. Journal of basic microbiology. doi:10.1002/jobm.201900626 DOI
- GloBI hasHost Manihot esculenta https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1270644
- GloBI pathogenOf Solanum lycopersicum doi:10.1111/J.1364-3703.2011.00740.X DOI
- GloBI hasHost Rubus idaeus https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=14703854
- GloBI hasHost Mangifera indica https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1258273
- GloBI hasHost Hevea brasiliensis https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=910280
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Zhang, J., Zhang, B., Liu, Y., Guo, Y., Shi, P. and Wei, G., 2018. Distinct large-scale biogeographic patterns of fungal communities in bulk soil and soybean rhizosphere in China.. Science of the Total Environment. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.016 DOI
- GloBI hasHost Psidium guajava https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1270672
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Kamutando, C.N., Vikram, S., Kamgan-Nkuekam, G., Makhalanyane, T.P., Greve, M., Le Roux, J.J., Richardson, D.M., Cowan, D. and Valverde, A., 2017. Soil nutritional status and biogeography influence rhizosphere microbial communities associated with the invasive tree Acacia dealbata.. Scientific Reports. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07018-w DOI
- GloBI hasHost Olea europaea https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1260092
- GloBI hasHost Ficus carica https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1262133
- GloBI hasHost Vanilla planifolia https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1260934
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Dong, H., Fan, S., Sun, H., Chen, C., Wang, A., Jiang, L. and Ma, D., 2021. Rhizosphere-associated microbiomes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under the effect of increased nitrogen fertilization.. Frontiers in Microbiology. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.730506 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Ma, J., Ma, K., Liu, J. and Chen, N, 2022. Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community Under Ice in a High-Latitude Wetland: Different Community Assembly Processes Shape Patterns of Rare and Abundant Microbes. Frontiers in microbiology. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.783371 DOI
- GloBI hasHost Carica papaya https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2903448
- GloBI hasHost Eucalyptus globulus https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1259497
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Katsoula, A., Vasileiadis, S., Karamanoli, K., Vokou, D. and Karpouzas, D.G., 2021. Factors Structuring the Epiphytic Archaeal and Fungal Communities in a Semi-arid Mediterranean Ecosystem. Microbial ecology. doi:10.1007/s00248-021-01712-z DOI
- GloBI hasHost Psidium cattleianum https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1260262
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Katsoula, A., Vasileiadis, S., Karamanoli, K., Vokou, D. and Karpouzas, D.G., 2021. Factors Structuring the Epiphytic Archaeal and Fungal Communities in a Semi-arid Mediterranean Ecosystem. Microbial ecology. doi:10.1007/s00248-021-01712-z DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Michael, P. J., Jones, D., White, N., Hane, J. K., Bunce, M., and Gibberd, M., 2020. Crop-Zone Weed Mycobiomes of the South-Western Australian Grain Belt. Frontiers in Microbiology. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.581592 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Sauer, S., Dlugosch, L., Kammerer, D.R., Stintzing, F.C. and Simon, M., 2021. The Microbiome of the Medicinal Plants Achillea millefolium L. and Hamamelis virginiana L.. Frontiers in Microbiology. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.696398 DOI
- GloBI hasHost Rubus idaeus subsp. strigosus https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2989510
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Tian, L., Yu, S., Zhang, L., Dong, K. and Feng, B., 2022. Mulching practices manipulate the microbial community diversity and network of root‑associated compartments in the Loess Plateau. Soil and Tillage Research. doi:10.1016/j.still.2022.105476 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Ren, F., Zhang, Y., Yu, H. and Zhang, Y.A., 2020. Ganoderma lucidum cultivation affect microbial community structure of soil, wood segments and tree roots. Scientific reports. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-60362-2 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Fan, K., Weisenhorn, P., Gilbert, J.A. and Chu, H., 2018. Wheat rhizosphere harbors a less complex and more stable microbial co-occurrence pattern than bulk soil.. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.07.022 DOI
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Mardanova, A., Lutfullin, M., Hadieva, G., Akosah, Y., Pudova, D., Kabanov, D., Shagimardanova, E., Vankov, P., Vologin, S., Gogoleva, N., Stasevski, Z. and Sharipova, M., 2019. Structure and variation of root-associated microbiomes of potato grown in alfisol.. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology.
- GloBI hasHost Castanea dentata https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2991309
- GloBI symbiontOf Colletotrichum coccodes Tong, A.Z., Liu, W., Liu, Q., Xia, G.Q., 2021. Diversity and composition of the Panax ginseng rhizosphere microbiome in various cultivation modesand ages. BMC microbiology. doi:10.1186/s12866-020-02081-2 DOI