Gossypium hirsutum

American cotton

Category: plantae
Primary role: crop
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Gossypium

External: GBIF #3152661

87 AI-consensus-verified claims across 3 interaction categories.

Related entities

Top entities sharing the most verified claims with Gossypium hirsutum.

herbivory 39 claims

This entity is the object of herbivory by Anthonomus grandis grandis · effect: harmful

“boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis, which destroys cotton squares and bolls”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P. (2002) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 23 #6492528
This entity is the object of herbivory by Nezara viridula (Southern Green Shield Bug) · effect: harmful

“it injures soybeans, peas, beans, cotton, tomato, pecan, citrus, and other crops”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P. (2002) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 109 #6492573
This entity is the object of herbivory by Lygus hesperus (western plant bug) · effect: harmful

“Lygus hesperus, is an important pest of alfalfa and cotton in the western United States”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P. (2002) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 110 #6492582
This entity is the object of herbivory by Anthonomus grandis (Weevil) · effect: harmful

“the bollweevil, Anthonomus grandis, on cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P. (2002) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 119 #6492586
This entity is the object of herbivory by Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall Armyworm) · effect: harmful

“caterpillars attack the leaves and tender stems of many cultivated crops, including cotton, tobacco, peanut, alfalfa”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P. (2002) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 202 #6492746
This entity is the object of herbivory by Pectinophora gossypiella (Bomuldsmè¸l) · effect: harmful

“pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella)”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 211 #6493407
This entity is the object of herbivory by Lygus hesperus (western plant bug) · effect: harmful

“blossom abortion caused by bug feeding is significantly reduced in the cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 372 #6493430
This entity is the object of herbivory by Anthonomus grandis (Weevil) · effect: harmful

“Phosmet is also used against two important weevils, the boll weevil on cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition #6493440
This entity is the object of herbivory by Helicoverpa zea (Bollworm) · effect: harmful

“Helicoverpa zea, an important pest of many field and garden crops”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 448 #6493457
This entity is the object of herbivory by Pectinophora gossypiella (Bomuldsmè¸l) · effect: harmful

“pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 452 #6493466
This entity is the object of herbivory by Heliothis virescens (Tobacco Budworm) · effect: harmful

“considerable evasion from populations of corn earworm and tobacco budworm”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 452 #6493467
This entity is the object of herbivory by Pectinophora gossypiella (Bomuldsmè¸l) · effect: harmful

“particularly important in reducing infestations of the pink bollworm”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 351 #6493525
This entity is the object of herbivory by Anthonomus grandis grandis · effect: harmful

“Lint and cottonseed losses between 1909 and 1949 averaged $203 million annually”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 351 #6493526
This entity is the object of herbivory by Anthonomus grandis (Weevil) · effect: harmful

“boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis, in cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 484 #6493583
This entity is the object of herbivory by Pectinophora gossypiella (Bomuldsmè¸l) · effect: harmful

“have been used successfully against the pink bollworm in cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 496 #6493586
This entity is the object of herbivory by Anthonomus grandis (Weevil) · effect: harmful

“tests with the boll weevil showing promise involved pheromone traps placed in strips”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 493 #6493587
This entity is the object of herbivory by Pectinophora gossypiella (Bomuldsmè¸l) · effect: harmful

“larvae feed in the bolls on lint, carpel tissues, and seeds”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 526 #6493605
This entity is the object of herbivory by Anthonomus grandis (Weevil) · effect: harmful

“females gouge out small cavities with their snouts and lay eggs”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 549 #6493631
This entity is the object of herbivory by Pectinophora gossypiella (Bomuldsmè¸l) · effect: harmful

“invading populations of the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella, in California cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 583 #6493642
This entity is the object of herbivory by Bucculatrix thurberiella (Cotton leaf perforator) · effect: harmful

“outbreaks of the cotton leafperforator, Bucculatrix thurheriella”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 583 #6493643
This entity is the object of herbivory by Tetranychus urticae (Carmine spider mite) · effect: harmful

“especially destructive on bean, cotton, strawberry, curcubits, and apples”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 583 #6493648
This entity is the object of herbivory by Helicoverpa (genus) · effect: harmful

“Resurgence of Helicouerpa species after applications of monocrotophos”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 584 #6493654
This entity is the object of herbivory by Helicoverpa armigera (Armigère (L')) · effect: harmful

“Budworms Helicouerpaarmigera”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 563 #6493660
This entity is the object of herbivory by Pectinophora gossypiella (Bomuldsmè¸l) · effect: harmful

“key insect pests of cotton in the West include the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 596 #6493673
This entity is the object of herbivory by Lygus spp. · effect: harmful

“plant bugs, Lygus species, whereas the boll weevil”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 596 #6493674
This entity is the object of herbivory by Anthonomus grandis grandis · effect: harmful

“the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis, and certain plant bugs”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 596 #6493675
This entity is the object of herbivory by Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (cotton fleahopper) · effect: harmful

“cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 597 #6493676
This entity is the object of herbivory by Helicoverpa zea (Bollworm) · effect: harmful

“the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea... have assumed major pest status”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 597 #6493677
This entity is the object of herbivory by Heliothis virescens (Tobacco Budworm) · effect: harmful

“tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens, which have assumed major pest status”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 597 #6493678
This entity is the object of herbivory by Anthonomus grandis (Weevil) · effect: harmful

“Anthonomas grandis”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 310 #6494802
This entity is the object of herbivory by Helicoverpa armigera (Armigère (L')) · effect: harmful

“controlling H. armigera and Agrotis moths”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 313 #6494804
This entity is the object of herbivory by Agrotis spp. · effect: harmful

“controlling H. armigera and Agrotis moths”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 313 #6494805
This entity is the object of herbivory by Lygus spp. · effect: harmful

“Lygus bugs away from cotton fields”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Kuepper G., Dodson M., Duncan J. (2016) · Companion Planting & Botanical Pesticides: Concepts & Resources · p. 3 #6495599
This entity is the object of herbivory by Helicoverpa zea (Bollworm) · effect: harmful

“cotton bollworms being controlled by predators”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Kuepper G., Dodson M., Duncan J. (2016) · Companion Planting & Botanical Pesticides: Concepts & Resources · p. 5 #6495606
This entity is the object of herbivory by Helicoverpa armigera (Armigère (L')) · effect: harmful

“Helicoverpa armigera”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Naranjo S.E., Ellsworth P.C., Frisvold G.B. (2015) · Economic Value of Biological Control in Integrated Pest Management of Managed Plant Systems #6495894
This entity is the object of herbivory by Helicoverpa zea (Bollworm) · effect: harmful

“Helicoverpa zea”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Naranjo S.E., Ellsworth P.C., Frisvold G.B. (2015) · Economic Value of Biological Control in Integrated Pest Management of Managed Plant Systems #6495895
This entity is the object of herbivory by Alabama argillacea (Cotton Leafworm) · effect: harmful

“intensified its predation of cotton leafworms and tobacco hornworms”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Altieri M.A., Nicholls C.I., Fritz M.A. (2005) · Manage Insects on Your Farm: A Guide to Ecological Strategies · p. 25 #6496402
This entity is the object of herbivory by Spodoptera exigua (Beet Armyworm) · effect: harmful

“when a beet armyworm chews on a cotton plant, the plant releases a specific chemical signal blend”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Altieri M.A., Nicholls C.I., Fritz M.A. (2005) · Manage Insects on Your Farm: A Guide to Ecological Strategies · p. 45 #6496421
This entity is the object of herbivory by Heliothis virescens (Tobacco Budworm) · effect: harmful

“nectar-free cotton varieties...attract fewer parasites of tobacco budworm larvae”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Altieri M.A., Nicholls C.I., Fritz M.A. (2005) · Manage Insects on Your Farm: A Guide to Ecological Strategies · p. 46 #6496422

pathogen pressure 15 claims

This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Rhizoctonia solani (Almindelig repeterhinde) · effect: harmful

“pyrrolnitrin contributes to the suppression of Rhizoctonia solani on cotton seedlings”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Andow D.A., Ragsdale D.W., Nyvall R.F. (1997) · Ecological Interactions and Biological Control · p. 111 #6492993
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Pythium ultimum (sydänmätä) · effect: harmful

“pyoluteorin contributes to the suppression of the oomycete pathogen P. ultimum on cotton seedlings”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Andow D.A., Ragsdale D.W., Nyvall R.F. (1997) · Ecological Interactions and Biological Control · p. 111 #6492994
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Rhizoctonia solani (Almindelig repeterhinde) · effect: harmful

“Control of Rhizoctonia solani on cotton seedlings with Pseudomonas fluorescens”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Andow D.A., Ragsdale D.W., Nyvall R.F. (1997) · Ecological Interactions and Biological Control · p. 124 #6493040
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Pythium ultimum (sydänmätä) · effect: harmful

“Suppression of Pythium ultimum-induced damping-off of cotton seedlings by Pseudomonas fluorescens”

pathogenOf

Andow D.A., Ragsdale D.W., Nyvall R.F. (1997) · Ecological Interactions and Biological Control · p. 124 #6493041
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum · effect: harmful

“cotton has almost as many against bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Unknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 137 #6493336
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Verticillium dahliae · effect: harmful

“cytokinin activity is lower in the sap...of cotton plants infected with verticillium wilt”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Unknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 201 #6493765
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Phymatotrichopsis omnivora · effect: harmful

“the cotton root rot fungus (Phymatotrichopsis omnivora) affects many hosts”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Unknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 258 #6493848
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Rhizoctonia solani (Almindelig repeterhinde) · effect: harmful

“Kodiak B. subtilis GB03 Rhizoctonia solani ... Cotton”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Unknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 324 #6493918
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Pythium spp. · effect: harmful

“Dagger G for use against Rhizoctonia and Pythium damping-off of cotton”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Unknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 323 #6493919
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Phymatotrichopsis omnivora · effect: harmful

“It causes its greatest losses in cotton in the area from Texas to Arizona”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Unknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 550 #6494391
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Rhizoctonia solani (Almindelig repeterhinde) · effect: harmful

“soreshin, is common and destructive in cotton”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Unknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 596 #6494425
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum · effect: harmful

“Angular leaf spot of cotton is caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Unknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 630 #6494453
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Fusarium oxysporum (fusariosis, chancro del cuello) · effect: harmful

“severe losses in crops as diverse as tomato, cotton and banana”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dean R., van Kan J.A.L., Pretorius Z.A., Hammond-Kosack K.E., Di Pietro A., Spanu P.D., Rudd J.J., Dickman M., Kahmann R., Ellis J., Foster G.D. (2012) · The Top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology · p. 415 #6495242
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Fusarium oxysporum (fusariosis, chancro del cuello) · effect: harmful

“severe losses in crops as diverse as tomato, cotton and banana”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dean R., van Kan J.A.L., Pretorius Z.A., Hammond-Kosack K.E., Di Pietro A., Spanu P.D., Rudd J.J., Dickman M., Kahmann R., Ellis J., Foster G.D. (2012) · The Top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology · p. 420 #6495763
This entity is the object of pathogen pressure by Xanthomonas axonopodis · effect: harmful

“X. axonopodis pv. malvacearum, which causes angular leaf spot of cotton”

pathogenOf ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Mansfield J., Genin S., Magori S., Citovsky V., Sriariyanum M., Ronald P., Dow M., Verdier V., Beer S.V., Machado M.A., Toth I., Salmond G., Foster G.D. (2012) · Top 10 plant pathogenic bacteria in molecular plant pathology · p. 7 #6495870

pest pressure 33 claims

This entity is the object of pest pressure by unspecified insects and diseases · effect: harmful

“increased vulnerability of crops to insect pests and diseases in monocultures”

eats ✓ 1/2 AI critics agreed

Rickerl D., Francis C., Gliessman S.R., Nicholls C.I., Altieri M.A., Janke R.R., Dobbs T.L., Flora C.B., Schumacher T.E., Caldwell R.M., Salomonsson L., Lieblein G., Helenius J., Kirschenmann F. (2004) · Agroecosystems Analysis · p. 49 #6492120
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Insecta (class) · effect: harmful

“Pest control with parasites and botanicals”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Altieri M.A., Farrell J.G., Hecht S.B., Liebman M., Magdoff F., Murphy B., Norgaard R.B., Sikor T.O. (1995) · Agroecology: The Science of Sustainable Agriculture · p. 154 #6492211
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Lepidoptera (order) · effect: harmful

“cotton and maize, have resistance to insect attack by stem borers and ear worms”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Connor D.J., Loomis R.S., Cassman K.G. (2011) · Crop Ecology: Productivity and Management in Agricultural Systems, Second Edition · p. 79 #6492229
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Empoasca spp. · effect: harmful

“cotton resistant to Empoasca bred in South Africa”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 4 #6492309
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Pectinophora gossypiella (Bomuldsmè¸l) · effect: harmful

“Pectinophora gossypiella is a major pest in almost all of the cotton growing areas of the world”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 38 #6492326
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Helicoverpa armigera (Armigère (L')) · effect: harmful

“Helicoverpa armigera, Earias vittelli and Pectinophora gossypiella in cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 78 #6492437
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Earias vittella · effect: harmful

“Helicoverpa armigera, Earias vittelli and Pectinophora gossypiella in cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 78 #6492438
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Pectinophora gossypiella (Bomuldsmè¸l) · effect: harmful

“Helicoverpa armigera, Earias vittelli and Pectinophora gossypiella in cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 78 #6492439
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Helicoverpa spp. · effect: harmful

“Suppression of Helicoverpa spp. oviposition by use of natural enemy food supplement”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Gurr G.M., Wratten S.D., Altieri M.A. (2004) · Ecological Engineering for Pest Management: Advances in Habitat Manipulation for Arthropods · p. 95 #6492614
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Tetranychus spp. · effect: harmful

“managing spider mites in cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Gurr G.M., Wratten S.D., Altieri M.A. (2004) · Ecological Engineering for Pest Management: Advances in Habitat Manipulation for Arthropods · p. 88 #6492615
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Anthonomus grandis (Weevil) · effect: harmful

“boll weevils, Anthonomus grandis, diapause as adults”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P. (2002) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 171 #6492759
This entity is the subject of pest pressure on Empoasca spp. · effect: harmful

“most notable success at the time being cotton resistant to Empoasca bred in South Africa”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 4 #6492809
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Empoasca spp. · effect: harmful

“cotton resistant to Empoasca bred in South Africa (Parnell, 1935) and India”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 4 #6492813
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Pectinophora gossypiella (Bomuldsmè¸l) · effect: harmful

“pink bollworm is a major pest in almost all cotton growing areas”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 38 #6492828
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Spodoptera littoralis (African Cotton Leafworm) · effect: harmful

“hourly catch of male moths of Spodoptera littoralis at a pheromone trap”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 22 #6492840
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Helicoverpa armigera (Armigère (L')) · effect: harmful

“Composite thresholds have been calculated for Helicoverpa armigera…in cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 78 #6492940
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Earias vittella · effect: harmful

“Composite thresholds…Earias vittelli…in cotton (Keerthisinghe, 1982)”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 78 #6492941
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Pectinophora gossypiella (Bomuldsmè¸l) · effect: harmful

“Pectinophora gossypiella in cotton (Keerthisinghe, 1982)”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 78 #6492942
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Hoplolaimus galeatus · effect: harmful

“It lives as an endoparasite on cotton, causing considerable damage to cortex and vascular tissue.”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Perry R.N., Moens M., Jones J.T. (2024) · Plant Nematology, 3rd Edition #6493314
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Hoplolaimus columbus · effect: harmful

“Hoplolaimus columbus Sher, 1963 is an important parasite of soybean and cotton in the USA”

eats ✓ 1/2 AI critics agreed

Perry R.N., Moens M., Jones J.T. (2024) · Plant Nematology, 3rd Edition #6493315
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Medicago sativa (Alfalfa) · effect: harmful

“Movement of the bugs into cotton is particularly heavy after alfalfa fields have been clipped for hay”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 373 #6493423
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Bemisia tabaci (Cotton whitefly, Sweet potato whitefly, Tobacco Whitefly) · effect: harmful

“severe damage to melons, alfalfa, cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 555 #6493623
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Bemisia tabaci (Cotton whitefly, Sweet potato whitefly, Tobacco Whitefly) · effect: harmful

“migrates to cotton in April and May”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Pedigo L.P., Rice M.E. (2009) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 555 #6493634
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Helicoverpa zea (Bollworm) · effect: harmful

“Ten years later the main pest was the bollworm”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Vandermeer J.H. (2009) · The Ecology of Agroecosystems · p. 224 #6494032
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Bemisia tabaci (Cotton whitefly, Sweet potato whitefly, Tobacco Whitefly) · effect: harmful

“Bemisia tabaci”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 311 #6494803
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Aphis gossypii (Cotton aphid, Melon aphid) · effect: harmful

“Aphis gossypii”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition #6494816
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Lantana camara (Black Sage) · effect: harmful

“serious weeds of various crops, like coffee, oil palm, coconuts and cotton”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Bhagyasree S.N., Anokhe Archana, Shashank P.R., Patel C.H. (2022) · Insect Predators in Pest Management · p. 300 #6495007
This entity is the object of pest pressure by pyrethroid (class) · effect: harmful

“pyrethroid-intensive crops negatively associated with bee occupancy”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Garibaldi L.A., et al. (2024) · Impact of pesticide use on wild bee distributions across the United States · p. 1 #6495202
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Helicoverpa armigera (Armigère (L')) · effect: harmful

“fruit orchards, maize, cotton, sugarcane, soybean, vineyards and greenhouses”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

van Lenteren J.C. (2012) · The state of commercial augmentative biological control: plenty of natural enemies, but a frustrating lack of uptake · p. 1 #6495477
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Bemisia tabaci (Cotton whitefly, Sweet potato whitefly, Tobacco Whitefly) · effect: harmful

“Bemisia tabaci in cotton that resulted in equal crop yields”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Naranjo S.E., Ellsworth P.C., Frisvold G.B. (2015) · Economic Value of Biological Control in Integrated Pest Management of Managed Plant Systems · p. 32.8 #6495889
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Lygus hesperus (western plant bug) · effect: harmful

“Bemisia tabaci, Lygus hesperus ... cotton ... Generalist predators”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Naranjo S.E., Ellsworth P.C., Frisvold G.B. (2015) · Economic Value of Biological Control in Integrated Pest Management of Managed Plant Systems #6495890
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (cotton fleahopper) · effect: harmful

“Pseudatomoscelis seriatus”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Naranjo S.E., Ellsworth P.C., Frisvold G.B. (2015) · Economic Value of Biological Control in Integrated Pest Management of Managed Plant Systems #6495896
This entity is the object of pest pressure by Nezara viridula (Southern Green Shield Bug) · effect: harmful

“Nezara viridula”

eats ✓ 2/2 AI critics agreed

Naranjo S.E., Ellsworth P.C., Frisvold G.B. (2015) · Economic Value of Biological Control in Integrated Pest Management of Managed Plant Systems #6495897

Genus-level evidence

9 claims where the source named the organism only at the genus or collective level (e.g. Gossypium sp.) and did not determine the species. Listed separately because they apply to the genus, not specifically to Gossypium hirsutum.

herbivory · Anthonomus grandis → Gossypium spp. · effect: harmful

“control of the cotton boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis; Dickerson, 1986)”

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition #6494787
herbivory · Helicoverpa armigera → Gossypium spp. · effect: harmful

“cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera... most damaging insect pest worldwide”

Visweshwar R., Akbar S.M.D., Sharma H.C., Sreeramulu K. (2018) · Influence of Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins on the Development and Midgut Proteases in Different Larval Instars of Helicoverpa armigera · p. 1 #6495860
pathogen pressure · Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum → Gossypium spp. · effect: harmful

“cotton, F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum”

Unknown (Unknown) · History of Plant Pathology and Early Significant Plant Diseases (Chapter 1 Introduction) · p. 523 #6494365
pathogen pressure · Verticillium dahliae → Gossypium spp. · effect: harmful

“Verticillium dahliae infections affected the microbial composition of cotton rhizospheres”

Berendsen R.L., Pieterse C.M.J., Bakker P.A.H.M. (2012) · The rhizosphere microbiome and plant health · p. 483 #6495570
pest pressure · Helicoverpa zea → Gossypium spp. · effect: harmful

“Important crops attacked include corn, cotton, and tomatoes”

Pedigo L.P. (2002) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 128 #6492665
pest pressure · Acrosternum hilare → Gossypium spp. · effect: harmful

“sap is removed from immature seeds. The punctures cause shedding of small bolls”

Pedigo L.P. (2002) · Entomology and Pest Management, Fourth Edition · p. 154 #6492674
pest pressure · Cicadellidae (family) → Gossypium spp. · effect: harmful

“jassid resistant cottons... gross morphological features of the host plant”

Dent D. (2000) · Insect Pest Management, 2nd Edition · p. 138 #6492976
pest pressure · Aphis gossypii → Gossypium spp. · effect: harmful

“Gossypium spp. (Cotton)”

Bhagyasree S.N., Anokhe Archana, Shashank P.R., Patel C.H. (2022) · Insect Predators in Pest Management · p. 193 #6494863
pest pressure · Gossypium spp. → Solanum lycopersicum · effect: harmful

“Availability of alternate host plants such as cotton, pigeon pea, chickpea”

AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center, SRTT Project · How to Grow Tomato · p. 2 #6496067

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Genus-level evidence

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